Cocaine rehab in Ohio

What is cocaine?
Street names: snow, powder lines, freebase, c, dust, crack, rock, coke, flake, blow
Cocaine is an extremely addictive stimulant substance. It makes individuals feel more alert and energetic. It can also make individuals feel “high.” Crack is cocaine in a form that is smoked.
Cocaine originates from the leaves of the coca bush, which grows in the Andes Mountains of South America. Currently, most of the world’s coca is grown and transformed into cocaine in South America.

Cocaine, the most potent stimulant which has his origin naturally, is extracted from the leaves coca plant (Erythroxylon coca) leaves, which is indigenous to the Andean highlands of South America. It is an alkaloid, a member of the chemical family that includes nicotine and caffeine. Cocaine is made into a paste and the contents is heated with hydrochloric acid to become cocaine hydrochloride, the most common water-soluble form of cocaine. Cocaine hydrochloride is produced in jungle laboratories in South America, and has an average of 80 to 90 percent pure. Within the jungle lab and the retail user, cocaine passes through several distribution stages, such as exporters, importers, drug kingpins, and wholesalers who often “cut” the cocaine with talcum powder, local anesthetics, and other substances. Today, cocaine on the street in Ohio averages less than 50 percent of purity. Cocaine is a schedule II drug, meaning that it has a high potential for abuse and addiction, but can be administered by a doctor for legitimate medical usage, such as a local anesthetic for eye, ear and throat surgeries.

Pure cocaine was first isolated in the 1880s and used as a local anesthetic in eye surgery. It was particularly useful in surgery of the nose and throat because of its ability to provide anesthesia, as well as to constrict blood vessels and limit bleeding. Many of its therapeutic applications are not use in present due to the development of safer drugs.

Powder cocaine and crack cocaine are the principal narcotic threats in Ohio. The accessibility of crack cocaine remains elevated in all Ohio. Crack injection was reported as rising in numerous regions across the state. Amounts of powder cocaine sell for $100-$120/gram, $750-$1,400/ounce, and $22,500-$32,000/kilogram. Powder cocaine purity levels extend from 32.54% to 72.75%. Purity levels for crack cocaine are 19%-63.7%.

About 374 kilograms of cocaine were seized by Federal authorities in Ohio in 2005.

As of April 2006, there were 57 drug courts that had been in operation for over 2 years, 10 that had recently been implemented, and 7 that were being planned.

During FY 2003, 36.8% of the Federally-sentenced defendants had committed a substance offense. Approximately 41% of these crimes involved powder cocaine.

Withdrawal
Withdrawal symptoms happen when an individual dependent on a drug stops using it or significantly cuts down the amount they are using. Cocaine withdrawal usually happens in three phases:
1. ‘Crash’, which describes symptoms experienced right after the individual stops using cocaine‑usually in the first two to four days. Symptoms include: agitation, depression, intense craving for the substance and important fatigue.
2. Withdrawal, which can last up to ten weeks and is characterised by: depression, lack of energy, anxiety, important craving and angry outbursts.
3. Extinction, which can last indefinitely, and includes symptoms of episodic urges for cocaine, generally in response to conditioned cues. These cravings might surface months or years after the individual has stopped consuming cocaine.

Other withdrawal symptoms that may be experienced include: lack of motivation, inability to feel any pleasure, nausea/vomiting, shaking, irritability/agitation, muscle pain and long, but disturbed sleep.

According to the Office of National Drug Control, and the Ohio High Intensity Drug Trafficking Area Program (HIDTA), the principal drug threat in Ohio has been, and remains, cocaine in both powder and crack form. The January 2003 Ohio Substance Abuse Monitoring Network (OSAM) report demonstrates an important increase in availability and abuse of powder cocaine in all regions of Ohio except the Akron-Canton area. The latest estimate from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration’s (SAMHSA) National Household Survey on Drug Abuse demonstrates that 889,056 Ohio citizens aged 12 or older reported using powder cocaine at least once in their life time, and an estimated 194,481 citizens admitted using crack cocaine at least once in their life time. According to the Ohio Substance Abuse Monitoring Network, (OSAM), in 2002 there were 9,672 clients diagnosed with cocaine abuse in government funded treatment programs.

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