Heroin treatment in Ohio

Heroin is extremely addictive and an illegal substance. It is the most abused and has the most accelerated effect among the opiates. Heroin is derived from morphine, which is derived from opium. Opium comes from Asia, including the countries of:
Afghanistan
Pakistan
India
Turkey
Persia

Heroin is an opioid or narcotic analgesic made from a sticky resin secreted by the opium poppy, Papaver somniferum. Produced by a chemical process, it results in a white, brown or pink powder or granules.  Although purer heroin is getting more common, street heroin is often "cut" with other drugs or with additives such as sugar, starch, powdered milk, strychnine, quinine or other poisons. Making it difficult to establish the actual contents or purity of the heroin abusers risk an overdose or death.

The increasing availability of high-purity, low cost heroin is creating a large user population with a greater physical hazard to users, who are younger than ever before. South American and Mexican black tar heroin are both available in the northern regions of state-wide. In the southern area of the state, Mexican black tar heroin is the most common form.

Heroin can cause the transmission of HIV, other diseases such as hepatitis that can happen from sharing needles or other injection equipment and the Heroin addiction lifestyle alone.

Heroin is most commonly injected intravenously but it can be smoked or snorted. Alternatively, heroin can be heated on tin foil and the vapours inhaled, a practice known as "chasing the dragon" or "tooting".

Intravenous injection provides the biggest intensity, a euphoric state is reached (7 to 8 seconds), while intra-muscular injection (5 to 8 minutes). When the drug is snorted or smoked, peak effects are reached on average within 10 to 15 minutes. Even though smoking and snorting heroin do not produce a "rush" as quickly or as intensely as intravenous injection, all three forms of heroin are violently addictive.

Heroin is a depressant drug, slowing the activity of the central nervous system. The initial effect of heroin, experienced immediately after injecting, is a rush of intense pleasure and feelings of well-being. This lasts about half an hour and gives way to three to four hours of lethargy.

Heroin reduces pain, hunger and libido and slows breathing and pulse rate. Blood pressure decreases and the pupils of the eyes get smaller. Heavier doses cause a feeling of warmth and increase the likelihood of sleep ('on the nod') but may lead to nausea and vomiting. Overdoses can cause respiratory failure and death. When heroin is taken in combination with other depressant drugs (such as alcohol or benzodiazepines) its effects are magnified, as is the risk of overdose.

Long-term use of heroin can lead to a loss of appetite and sex drive, sexual dysfunction, pneumonia and constipation. Psychological and physical dependence are common results of long-term use and can lead to financial, dietary, lifestyle and health problems. Dependent users develop a tolerance and need higher doses to achieve the same effects.

If you suspected someone is overdosing while consuming heroin, it is crucial to get profession al help immediately. A quick response may very well save their life.

Call an ambulance. Dial 000. Don’t wait because of fear of getting into trouble. Ambulance officers are not obliged to involve the authorities.

Stay with the individual until the ambulance arrives. Find out if anybody at the scene knows mouth-to-mouth resuscitation or cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

Provide proper air, keep crowds back, open windows and loosen tight clothing.

If the individual is unconscious, don’t leave them on their back — they might choke. Turn them on their side and into the recovery position. Lightly tilt their head back so their tongue does not block the airway.

If breathing has ceased, administered mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. If there is no pulse, do CPR.

Give the ambulance officers as much information as you can—how much heroin was taken, how long ago, and any pre-existing medical conditions.

Plan what to do in a crisis; remember, there is no safe level of narcotic consumption.

Heroin is an extremely addictive substance, and its abuse has dangers that extend far beyond the individual user. The health and social consequences of narcotic abuse - HIV/AIDS, violence, tuberculosis, lethal effects, crime, and disruptions in family, workplace, and educational environments - have a devastating impact on society and cost billions of dollars each year.

Yet heroin abuse has veered downward during the past couple of years, its prevalence is still more elevated than in the early 1990s. These relatively elevated rates of abuse, together with the important heroin abuse we are now seeing among school-age youth, the glamorization of heroin in music and films, actors and actresses, changing patterns of drug use, and heroin's increased purity and decreased prices, make it imperative that the public have the latest scientific information on this topic.

The United States Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), and the National Drug Intelligence Center (NDIC), has reported heroin abuse and distribution are rising in the state. According to the Hamilton County Coroner's Office, until 1997 to see a heroin overdose fatality in their area was extremely rare. During the six years since, there has been an average of over 10 deaths annually. Which represents a recent and drastic upsurge? The substance is sold in different packaging, in Youngstown, distribution organizations distribute South American heroin by the bag or in bundles. In Toledo, Mexican brown powdered heroin is sold in half-gram amounts in aluminum foil. Mexican brown powdered heroin is sold in clear gelatine capsules in the Miami Valley and Dayton regions.  Lately, the DEA confiscated “Havana Club” rum bottles containing a brown-colored liquid, that field- testing indicated contained heroin. Liquid heroin is extremely uncommon; nonetheless, intelligence suggests that this method of smuggling heroin may be on the rise.

The Ohio Department of Alcohol and Drug Addiction Services (ODADAS) information demonstrates the number of treatment admissions for heroin abuse rose overall from 5,769 in 2001 to 6,878 in 2002. The Ohio Substance Abuse Monitoring (OSAM) Network analysis of information from treatment centers, law enforcement agencies, personal interviews, and focus groups suggests that heroin abuse is rising among young adults. In June 2001 OSAM Network study demonstrated an emerging population of new, young heroin users in Akron, Cleveland, Dayton, Toledo, and Youngstown.

First Aid Treatment:
If the individual is not breathing and has no pulse, Start  CPR  IMMEDIATELY, and call for 911.

First Aid Treatment:
If, after verifying, the individual has no pulse and is not breathing, Institute CPR IMMEDIATELY, and call for a life squad.

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